Which tasks are exposed
Risk applies to individual tasks—not to a person or an entire occupation.
Task Risk Cleaning, joining and preparing data 61% Creating standard reports and visualizations 59% Forming conclusions and checking causality 31% Searching and organizing scientific literature 60% Cleaning and preprocessing data 59% Standard statistical analysis 56% Generating hypotheses and experiment options 49% Conducting a non-standard experiment 13%
What the score means
The score reflects process repeatability, data digitization, automated verification, the physical environment and the economic incentive to deploy technology.
The index reflects potential technology exposure of occupational tasks and is not the probability that a particular person will lose their job.
AI exposure ? The share of cognitive, textual, visual or analytical work that current AI systems can technically assist with or perform.
50%
Robotics ? The extent to which robots, autonomous machinery and computer vision can perform physical operations in a prepared environment.
3%
Routine work ? The share of operations that repeat, follow stable rules and produce a predictable result.
46%
Digitalization ? How much of the input, workflow and output already exists in digital form.
55%
Business incentive ? The economic incentive to automate based on task volume, labor cost, frequency and implementation cost.
42%
Human moat ? Protection created by accountability, trust, empathy, licensing, negotiation and unpredictable real-world environments.
71%