Which tasks are exposed
Risk applies to individual tasks—not to a person or an entire occupation.
Task Risk reviewing scientific literature 62% forming a hypothesis 57% designing the study 53% collecting samples or data 48% performing measurements 42% statistical analysis 32% interpreting results 21% preparing publication 13%
What the score means
The score for Geographer reflects the share of formalised repeatable work, the availability of digital data and the feasibility of robotics. Tasks involving accountability, physical variability and professional judgement are much better protected.
The index reflects potential technology exposure of occupational tasks and is not the probability that a particular person will lose their job.
AI exposure ? The share of cognitive, textual, visual or analytical work that current AI systems can technically assist with or perform.
57%
Robotics ? The extent to which robots, autonomous machinery and computer vision can perform physical operations in a prepared environment.
21%
Routine work ? The share of operations that repeat, follow stable rules and produce a predictable result.
44%
Digitalization ? How much of the input, workflow and output already exists in digital form.
80%
Business incentive ? The economic incentive to automate based on task volume, labor cost, frequency and implementation cost.
52%
Human moat ? Protection created by accountability, trust, empathy, licensing, negotiation and unpredictable real-world environments.
71%